Adopsi Teknologi Telemedicine pada Tenaga Kesehatan

Rika Andriani, Arifatun Nisaa

Abstract


Abstract

Telemedicine is a remote healthcare service over health information technology infrastructure. Telemedicine can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare services. The challenge to using telemedicine is the low adoption rate. Preliminary studies on health workers in Central Java showed that only 21% of health workers provided telemedicine. The reasons were health care facilities where they worked did not have telemedicine services (58%), they did not know how to use telemedicine (21%), limited telemedicine services (21%), and inadequate facilitating conditions (19%). This study aimed to identify health workers’ perceptions related to the adoption of telemedicine. A cross-sectional survey was conducted through an online questionnaire to collect research data. The sample was 87 health workers using telemedicine who were selected with consecutive sampling techniques. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistical analysis. Findings showed that most health workers responded positively to the adoption of telemedicine to usefulness, satisfaction, ease of use, and reliability. The majority of negative responses were in the effectiveness of telemedicine, i.e., they can’t see patients like in a face-to-face consultation, they can not talk to the patient easily, and telemedicine can not provide specific health services. The majority of negative responses were also in the reliability of telemedicine, i.e., telemedicine did not give clear error messages to fix problems, and telemedicine was not the same as an in-person visit.

Keywords: telehealth, telemedicine, health workers



Abstrak

Telemedicine merupakan pelayanan kesehatan jarak jauh melalui pemanfaatan teknologi informasi untuk memberikan konsultasi dan perawatan pasien. Layanan telemedicine dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas pelayanan kesehatan. Tantangan terbesar pemanfaatan telemedicine adalah tingkat adopsi yang rendah. Studi pendahuluan di Jawa Tengah menunjukkan hanya 21% tenaga kesehatan yang memberikan pelayanan kesehatan melalui telemedicine. Alasan responden tidak memberikan pelayanan telemedicine karena fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan tempat bekerja tidak ada layanan telemedicine (58%), tidak mengetahui cara menggunakan (21%), pelayanan telemedicine terbatas (21%), dan fasilitas pendukung tidak memadai (19%).Studi inibertujuan mengidentifikasi persepsi tenaga kesehatan terkait adopsi telemedicine. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional survey. Sampel penelitian adalah 87 tenaga kesehatan yang menggunakan telemedicine yang dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling.   Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survey secara daring. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas tenaga kesehatan menunjukkan respon positif terhadap adopsi teknologi telemedicine yang dilihat dari aspek kegunaan (usefulness), kepuasan (satisfaction), kemudahan penggunaan (ease of use), dan kehandalan (reliability). Mayoritas respon negatif pada aspek efektivitas (effectiveness) yaitu tidak dapat melihat pasien seperti bertemu langsung, tidak dapat berbicara kepada pasien dengan mudah, dan telemedicine tidak dapat melakukan pelayanan kesehatan yang diinginkan. Mayoritas respon negatif juga berada pada aspek kehandalan (reliability) yaitu telemedicine tidak memberi pesan kesalahan secara jelas dan memberi tahu cara memperbaiki masalah serta kunjungan yang diberikan melalui telemedicine tidak sama dengan kunjungan langsung. 

Kata kunci : telehealth, telemedicine, tenaga kesehatan



Keywords


telehealth; telemedicine; tenaga kesehatan

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.47007/inohim.v11i2.518

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