Dampak Pandemi COVID-19 Terhadap Kebutuhan Pekerjaan di Sektor Kesehatan
Abstract
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had become a global crisis that had a widespread impact on other sectors such as the economic and labor markets. The health sector is one of the sectors affected by COVID-19 in terms of labor demand. In addition to the need for health labor for handling COVID-19 and the demand for health labor in other job positions, technical and non-technical roles are still needed during the pandemic. Several big data sources can be used as proxies to see the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to obtain an overview of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the workforce needs in the health sector, especially in the Java-Bali region. The data was sourced from online job vacancy sites with web scraping methods. Data on the number of job advertisements originating from online job vacancy sites was used to see the changes in labor demand for companies in the health sector. The analysis results show that the pandemic impacted the decrease in job advertisements in the health sector in the Java-Bali region. Furthermore, there was a clear relationship between the decline in the number of job advertisements with the stringency index of governments’ policies designed to stop the spread of COVID-19. In 2021, vacancies for technical job positions such as doctors, nurses, dentists, and pharmacists are still widely offered and tend to increase compared to the previous year. Meanwhile, non-technical job vacancies such as receptionist, administration, and marketing tend to decrease in 2021.
Keyword: big data, health sector, job vacancy
Abstrak
Pandemi COVID-19 telah menjadi krisis global yang memberikan dampak luas pada sektor lainnya seperti sektor ekonomi dan pasar tenaga kerja. Sektor kesehatan merupakan salah satu sektor yang terdampak dari sisi permintaan tenaga kerja. Selain kebutuhan tenaga kesehatan untuk penanganan COVID-19, permintaan tenaga kesehatan pada posisi pekerjaan yang lain baik posisi pekerjaan teknis maupun non-teknis tentunya masih tetap dibutuhkan selama masa pandemi. Beberapa sumber big data terbukti dapat menjadi proksi yang baik untuk melihat dampak pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap kebutuhan tenaga kerja di sektor kesehatan khususnya di wilayah Jawa-Bali dengan menggunakan pendekatan big data. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari situs lowongan kerja online dengan metode pengumpulan data web scraping. Data jumlah iklan lowongan yang berasal dari situs lowongan kerja online digunakan untuk melihat bagaimana gambaran perubahan permintaan tenaga kerja pada perusahaan di sektor kesehatan. Hasil analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pandemi COVID-19 telah berdampak terhadap penurunan jumlah iklan lowongan kerja pada sektor kesehatan di wilayah Jawa-Bali. Terdapat hubungan yang jelas antara penurunan jumlah iklan lowongan kerja dengan indeks keketatan kebijakan pemerintah yang dirancang untuk menghentikan penyebaran COVID-19. Pada tahun 2021, lowongan posisi pekerjaan teknis seperti dokter, perawat, dokter gigi, dan apoteker masih banyak ditawarkan dan cenderung meningkat dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Sedangkan lowongan posisi pekerjaan non-teknis seperti resepsionis, administrasi dan marketing cenderung menurun di tahun 2021.
Kata Kunci: big data, lowongan pekerjaan, sektor kesehatan
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.47007/inohim.v10i1.374
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