Evaluasi Manfaat Penerapan Rekam Medis Elektronik di Negara Berkembang: Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
Abstract
Electronic medical record is one of the advances in information technology in health services. The positive impacts include benefits that can be viewed from economic aspects, clinical aspects, and aspects of access to clinical information. Furthermore, electronic medical records have an important role in improving the quality of health systems around the world. Therefore, it is hoped that the application of electronic medical records can be carried out in developing countries which generally have low levels of health. The purpose of this study is to describe the benefits of implementing electronic medical records in developing countries in economic, clinical and information access aspects. This research is a systematic review (Systematic Review). Based on the PRISMA method that has been carried out, results can be obtained from a total of 175 journal articles and proceedings identified, 50 of which were excluded due to duplication of data, then 104 others did not meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. So that only 21 journal articles were used in the literature study. The results showed that the application of medical data in developing countries was not yet in all three aspects. Some of the economic benefits are savings, effectiveness, cost efficiency; increased billing, etc. Clinical benefits improve service quality, satisfaction, and patient safety. The benefits of access to information include increasing the accessibility of data and information, supporting decision making, and supporting patient confidentiality.
Keywords: implementation, electronic medical records, developing countries
Abstrak
Rekam medis elektronik merupakan salah satu bentuk bukti kemajuan teknologi informasi dalam layanan kesehatan. Bentuk dampak positifnya diantaranya manfaat yang dapat ditinjau dari aspek ekonomi, aspek klinis, dan aspek akses informasi klinis. Selanjutnya rekam medis elektronik memiliki peran penting dalam peningkatan kualitas sistem kesehatan di seluruh dunia. Oleh karena itu, penerapan rekam medis elektronik juga diharapkan dapat dilakukan di negara berkembang yang pada umumnya memiliki tingkat kesehatan rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan manfaat penerapan rekam medis elektronik di negara berkembang dalam aspek ekonomi, aspek klinis, dan aspek akses informasi. Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan sistematis (Systematic Review). Berdasarkan metode PRISMA yang telah dilakukan, dapat diperoleh hasil yakni dari total 175 jurnal artikel dan prosiding yang diidentifikasi, 50 jurnal diantaranya dikeluarkan karena terjadi duplikasi data, selanjutnya 104 jurnal lainnya tidak memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Sehingga hanya 21 jurnal artikel yang digunakan dalam studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manfaat penerapan rekam medis elektronik di negara berkembang belum merata pada ketiga aspek. Beberapa manfaat ekonomi adalah penghematan, efektifitas, efisiensi biaya; peningkatan akurasi penagihan, dsb. Manfaat klinis diantaranya meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan, kepuasan, dan keselamatan pasien. Manfaat akses informasi diantaranya meningkatkan meningkatkan aksesibilitas data dan informasi, mendukung pengambilan keputusan, serta menunjang kerahasiaan pasien.
Kata Kunci: penerapan, rekam medis elektronik, negara berkembang
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.47007/inohim.v8i2.218
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